This prompted scientists all over Europe to petition their governments to fund nuclear fission programs, both for energy and for bombs. In 1939 Hitler invaded Poland and started World War II. This was the first time that all of the components of fission were known. This proved Einstein’s theory put forth 33 years earlier that E=mc 2. They discovered that the lighter by-products of neutron bombardment on Uranium also released energy. It wasn’t until 1938 that fission was discovered by Otto Han and Fritz Strassman. The neutron is an important component in the working of nuclear fission.įinally, in 1935 Enrico Fermi discovered that when a radioactive substance such as Uranium is bombarded by neutrons, it produces by-products that are not Uranium and are lighter than the original sample. Bohr’s model was perfected in 1932 by James Chadwick who discovered the neutron and made Bohr’s model work. One of the most important concepts for the scientists to understand was how the atom worked and, in 1913 Niels Bohr published his model of the atom (Hydrogen Pictured) which is still taught in schools today. Most notable is Becquerel who, in 18 discovered that: Once Röntgen had discovered X-rays, scientists all over Europe began to experiment in the field. Unknown to all of the scientists playing with X-rays, were the harmful effects to human health, many of the scientists would develop cancer and symptoms of radiation poisoning later in life. The image is a picture Röntgen took of his wife’s hand while she was wearing her ring. Röntgen’s findings were quickly confirmed by other laboratories all over the world as his discovery was fairly easy to replicate. Röntgen knew that the screen was too far from the cathode tube for cathode rays to affect the screen. He postulated that the sparkling of the screen was caused by some unknown ray, allowing an X to stand in for the name, hence an X-ray. Röntgen was in his darkened laboratory when he noticed that a luminescent screen left too close to a cathode tube was sparkling. The History of Nuclear Energy begins on Novemwhen Wilhelm Röntgen accidently discovers X-rays.
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